About one in three Americans (35%) who have heard about ivermectin or hydroxychloroquine as COVID-19 treatments believe they are effective. A far greater share of Republicans trust the drugs. About seven in 10 of Republicans (72%) who have heard of hydroxychloroquine believe it is very effective or possibly effective, compared with 19% of Democrats who have heard about the drug. More than half of Republicans who have heard a lot or a little about ivermectin say it is effective (56%), compared with 19% of Democrats. In contrast, 64% of Democrats who have heard about the drug say it is dangerous, while just 18% of Republicans do.

The people who see these drugs as effective treatments seem to regard them as replacements for other measures that are recommended by health officials. Among people who regard ivermectin or hydroxychloroquine as effective against COVID, 28% say they will not get vaccinated—seven points higher than the share of all adults. More than a third of people who believe in the effectiveness of ivermectin (35%) say they never wear a face mask when out of their home, compared to 20% of all adults.