Cuba’s Energy Crisis Will Worsen Without Venezuelan Oil

Cuba has been experiencing a worsening energy crisis for several years, which has led it to rely heavily on Venezuela for its fuel. Following the United States' intervention in Venezuela earlier this month, Cuba is expected to lose a vital supply chain for fuel, putting increasing pressure on the government to respond to the energy crisis. In the short-term, this will likely mean relying more heavily on oil-rich neighbours, such as Mexico, to provide supplies. However, Cuba must look for a long-term solution to its energy problems to bring an end to the crisis and enhance security.

The ongoing energy crisis in Cuba has led to residents experiencing almost daily blackouts and gas cuts in recent months. The crisis was driven by years of underinvestment in the country’s transmission network, which led power plants to run below capacity. The country’s energy supply now falls far below the consumer demand. The regular blackouts have forced Cubans to invest in charcoal stoves, rechargeable batteries, and fans, which many residents can scarcely afford.

In March last year, Cuba’s national electrical grid collapsed, leaving most of the island’s population of 10 million without power. Major tourist hotels came to rely on generators, while many had no access to power at all. This has resulted in mass protests, as residents call for the government to address the crisis.