Non-profits: One leader in the field is the Digital Forensic Research Lab within The Atlantic Council, which has been given access to data from platforms, including Facebook, to help study the campaigns. The Lab has roughly a dozen people in different time zones studying behaviors and patterns of bad actors and fake news.

Ben Nimmo, information defense fellow at the Lab, says tracking misinformation campaigns is like “building a jigsaw puzzle with all of the little bits and pieces you find, using as much evidence as you can to piece information together.”

Other non-profits, like The Knight Foundation, are running programs that grant funds to those that have new ideas about how to spur news literacy and combat fake news.