A three-judge panel concludes that bump stocks cannot be considered machine gun parts under the rule of lenity.

Today, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit decided Hardin v. BATF, concluding that a bump stock is not a machine gun “part” prohibited under federal law. Judge Gilman wrote for the court, joined by Judge McKeague. Judge Bush concurred in the judgment.

Here’s how Judge GIlman summarizes the court’s conclusions.