In Michigan, Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, a Democrat, and other officials have asked U.S. District Judge Linda Parker in Detroit to punish Sidney Powell and other lawyers who sued the state in late November on behalf of six Republican voters, alleging that systemic fraud denied Mr. Trump a victory there. In December, the Obama-appointed judge ruled the lawyers lacked diligence in bringing claims based on “nothing but speculation and conjecture.”... Mr. Trump and his legal team face three motions for sanctions in Wisconsin, filed by Democratic Gov. Tony Evers and other officials, who are seeking roughly $250,000 in attorney fees. Mr. Trump, in a Dec. 2 lawsuit, alleged state election officials intentionally undermined safeguards for absentee ballots and permitted ballot tampering. A Trump-appointed federal judge, Brett Ludwig, dismissed the case, saying the claims failed “as a matter of law and fact.”... Some judges have raised the prospect of sanctions on their own. In February, U.S. District Judge James Boasberg in Washington referred lawyer Erick Kaardal for disciplinary review by the court’s committee on grievances. Mr. Kaardal sued the House of Representatives, the Senate, former Vice President Mike Pence, the Electoral College, and battleground-state officials in December on behalf of state lawmakers and Trump voters, challenging longstanding federal laws on counting electoral votes and seeking to block certification.