Mr. Trump said he was open to the idea if the Iranians were “good players.” Mr. Rouhani responded in kind.

“In the relations between Iran and the U.S., we will not witness any positive development unless the U.S. abandons the sanctions and corrects the wrong path it has chosen,” Mr. Rouhani said during a meeting in Tehran on Tuesday, according to the semiofficial Iranian news agency Tasnim.

Mr. Macron said at a news conference on Monday at the conclusion of the Group of 7 summit meeting that he had spoken with his Iranian counterpart to determine whether a meeting was possible, and the next day Mr. Rouhani put the ball firmly back into Mr. Trump’s court.

“The key to positive developments is in Washington’s hands,” the Iranian leader said.