Under the plaintiffs’ proposal, which uses data from the class admitted in 2015, the proportion of students the admissions office would consider “disadvantaged” would rise to half the class, from the current 18 percent.

The share of white students admitted would drop to 32 percent from 40 percent, mostly because of the elimination of legacy and other preferences. The Asian-American share of the class would rise to 31 percent from 24 percent, and the share of “Hispanic and other admits” would also go up to 20 percent from 14 percent.

But the African-American share would decline, to 10 percent from 14 percent.

Harvard said that was a key reason that it would not make its admissions process race neutral.