Will Obama’s Russia retaliation work—or is it too little, too late?

It’s hard to assess President Obama’s response to Russia’s hacking of our election, and part of the difficulty stems from a passage at the end of his official statement on the matter. After detailing his sanctions against Russian intelligence agencies, companies, and individuals; his shuttering of two Russian facilities outside of Washington and New York; and his expulsion of 35 undercover spies, the statement reads as follows:

These actions are not the sum total of our response to Russia’s aggressive activities. We will continue to take a variety of actions at a time and place of our choosing, some of which will not be publicized.

I’m just guessing, but some of these covert actions are likely to involve our own set of cyberattacks, launched by the National Security Agency or U.S. Cyber Command and aimed at targets or assets that are important not merely to the Russian Federation but to President Vladimir Putin himself.