Other Japanese officials have been even more forceful. The first week in May is generally regarded as a holiday in Japan, and top Japanese officials flood Washington for meetings. This year, many of those meetings focused on anxieties over Mr. Trump’s remarks.

At one such meeting, Kenichiro Sasae, Japan’s ambassador to the United States, joked that he was looking forward to hearing experts “explain how Emperor Qin Shi Huang built the Great Wall of China and made the Mexicans pay for it,” a reference to Mr. Trump’s promise to build a wall at the Mexican border at Mexico’s expense.

In a more serious vein, Mr. Sasae said he was disappointed by the isolationism expressed by some presidential candidates, another clear reference to Mr. Trump.

“I don’t want to see that kind of United States,” Mr. Sasae said. “I know that you know there has to be a debate about how to make the United States this strong, but the question is not whether you can be strong without a proper role in the rest of the world.”